1、 Leaf difference

The leaflets of Gynostemma pentaphyllum are oval, oblong or lanceolate, 3 to 12 cm long and about 1.5 to 4 cm wide. The apex is sharp and the base is gradually narrow. The edge of the leaf has wavy teeth or round toothed teeth, which are dark green on the top and light green on the back. Both sides have short bristles, flat on the top and convex on the back

The leaves of Cayratia japonica are alternate and membranous. The leaves are obovate or long oval, 2 to 7 cm long. The apex is sharp, the base is blunt, and the edge has coarse sawtooth

2、 Flower difference

Gynostemma pentaphyllum flowers in panicles, 10 to 15 cm long, light green or white in color

The flowers of Cayratia japonica are light green, with axillary clusters

3、 Fruit difference

The fruit of Gynostemma pentaphyllum is fleshy, spherical, with a diameter of 5 to 6 mm. After ripening, the fruit is black, smooth and glabrous

The berries of Cayratia japonica are oval and purple black after maturity