Is There a Difference Between Poison Sumac Plant and Tree?

Poison sumac, also known by its scientific name Toxicodendron vernix, is a highly toxic plant that can cause severe skin irritation and allergic reactions. It is commonly found in wetlands and swampy areas of the eastern United States. However, there is often confusion between poison sumac plant and tree - are they the same or two distinct species?

Plant vs. Tree

Firstly, it is important to note that poison sumac can grow as both a plant and a tree, depending on its environment. Poison sumac is a member of the cashew family and is closely related to poison ivy and poison oak. Like these other poisonous plants, poison sumac has three shiny green leaves on each stem. However, poison sumac is unique in that it typically grows in swamps or bogs, where it can reach heights of up to 20 feet and form small trees. In drier areas, it tends to grow as a shrub or bush.

Identification

It is crucial to be able to identify poison sumac, whether it is growing as a plant or tree, to avoid contact with it. Poison sumac is distinguished by its leaves, which are oval-shaped and come in sets of seven to thirteen. The leaves are a vivid green in the summer and turn bright red and orange in the fall. Poison sumac also has distinctive white or yellowish-white berries that grow in clusters and hang down from the branches. The plant or tree's stems, branches, and roots contain urushiol, a resin that causes itching, redness, and blistering upon contact with human skin.

Toxicity

So, is there a difference in toxicity between poison sumac plant and tree? It appears that both forms of poison sumac contain the same level of urushiol and are equally toxic. Therefore, regardless of whether you come into contact with poison sumac as a plant or tree, you should take the same precautions to avoid exposure to urushiol.

If you do come into contact with poison sumac, it is essential to take immediate action. Firstly, wash the affected area with soap and water as soon as possible to remove as much of the urushiol as possible. Applying calamine lotion or hydrocortisone cream can help relieve the itching and redness that often accompanies an allergic reaction. In severe cases, a doctor may prescribe antihistamines or corticosteroids to manage symptoms.

Conclusion

In summary, poison sumac can grow as both a plant and a tree depending on its habitat. The plant and tree forms of poison sumac are identical in terms of their toxicity, so there is no difference between the two in this regard. It is crucial to be able to identify poison sumac and take swift action to avoid exposure to its sap, which contains urushiol, a resin that can cause severe skin irritation and allergic reactions.