Where to Plant English Walnut Trees

English walnuts, also known as Persian or Carpathian walnuts, are a popular nut crop grown for their delicious, meaty kernels. They are also prized for their beautiful wood, making them a popular choice for ornamental or shade trees. If you're considering growing English walnut trees, choosing the right location is crucial for their successful growth and fruiting. Here are some tips on where to plant your English walnut trees.

Climate and Soil Requirements

English walnut trees thrive in areas with a temperate climate suitable for growing fruit and nut trees. They require long, hot summers with annual temperatures ranging from 55-72°F, and winters with temperatures between 32-50°F. They also need well-draining soil, as they can be sensitive to waterlogging and root rot. English walnuts prefer deep, fertile loams that are moderately alkaline or neutral in pH, with a depth of at least 3-4 feet.

Sun Exposure

English walnut trees need plenty of sunlight to grow and produce nuts. They require at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day, so it's important to choose a location that is not shaded by other trees or buildings. South-facing slopes are ideal for planting English walnut trees, as they receive the most sunlight and are protected from cold northern winds. Avoid planting English walnuts in low-lying areas that are prone to frost or waterlogging.

Spacing and arrangement

English walnut trees can grow up to 60 feet tall and spread over 40 feet wide, so it's important to space them properly to avoid overcrowding. A distance of 40-50 feet between trees is ideal, as it allows each tree enough space to grow and develop a strong root system. Planting in rows or blocks is also recommended, as it makes it easier to prune, harvest, and maintain the trees. It's important to avoid planting English walnut trees near power lines, buildings, or other structures, as their large branches can cause damage and be hazardous during storms.

Companion Planting

English walnut trees can benefit from companion planting, which helps to increase soil fertility, control pests, and provide shade and wind protection. Companion plants should be selected carefully, as they should not compete with the tree for nutrients or interfere with its growth. Good companion plants for English walnuts include clover, vetch, alfalfa, and other legumes that help to fix nitrogen in the soil. Grasses like fescues and ryegrasses can also provide a good ground cover around the tree, while flowers like marigolds and nasturtiums can help to repel pests and attract beneficial insects.

Care and Maintenance

English walnut trees require care and maintenance to ensure their healthy growth and longevity. Regular watering is important, especially during dry spells or hot weather, as lack of water can cause stress and reduce yields. Fertilization should also be done periodically, using a balanced fertilizer with a ratio of 10-10-10, or one specifically formulated for fruit and nut trees. Pruning is also important, as it helps to remove dead wood, improve air circulation, and maintain a balanced shape. Young trees should be pruned in their first few years to encourage strong structure and branching, while mature trees should be pruned annually to remove any dead, broken, or diseased branches.

In conclusion, choosing the right location for your English walnut trees is essential for their successful growth and fruiting. By selecting a suitable site, providing proper care and maintenance, and using companion planting, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of delicious, nutritious nuts for years to come.