1、 Branch stem difference

The annual branchlets of Abies are light brown yellow, light brown or light gray yellow, with short hair or no hair in the grooves between the leaf pillows, and the branches of two to three years old are brown gray or light brown gray. The lateral branches are mostly flat

The annual branchlets of spruce are brownish yellow or light reddish brown, the leaf pillows are white powder, and the branches of two to three years are brown or brownish gray. The primary lateral branches extend obliquely upward and the secondary branches droop

2、 Leaf difference

Fir leaves are flat strip, slightly curved or straight. The apex is blunt or concave, the edge is reversed, the upper part is light green, and there are two stomatal bands below, which are pink white

Spruce leaves are quadrangular strip-shaped, sharp or slightly pointed at the apex, with quadrangular cross-section and stomatal lines on all sides

3、 Cone difference

Fir cones are short cylindrical or cylindrical, light blue black or dark black when mature, with a little white powder on the surface

Spruce is cylindrical or light brown when mature