How to Kill and Control Hornworms on Tomato Plants

When it comes to growing tomatoes, one of the biggest pests that gardeners face is the hornworm. These large, green caterpillars can quickly strip a tomato plant of its leaves and fruits. However, with the right techniques, it is possible to kill and control hornworms on tomato plants.

Identify the Hornworms

The first step in controlling hornworms is to know what they look like. Hornworms are large caterpillars with bodies that can grow up to 4 inches long. They are bright green with white diagonal stripes on their sides and a signature horn on their rear end. Look for hornworms on the bottom of leaves, on the stem, and hiding in the soil around your tomato plants.

Handpick the Hornworms

The easiest way to control hornworms is to handpick them off your tomato plants. Wear gloves and look for the caterpillars on your plants. Once you find them, pluck them off and either squish them or drop them into a bucket of soapy water to kill them. Check your tomato plants daily for hornworms and continue to remove them as necessary.

Use Beneficial Insects

Another method to control hornworms is to introduce beneficial insects that prey on the caterpillars. Two common beneficial insects are braconid wasps and green lacewings. These insects lay their eggs on the hornworms, which in turn hatch and feed on the caterpillar, killing it. You can purchase these insects online or at a local nursery and release them in your garden.

Apply Bacillus Thuringiensis

Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) is a natural bacterium that works as a pesticide against hornworms and other caterpillars. The bacteria produces a toxic protein that kills the caterpillars when they ingest it. BT can be applied directly to the tomato plants using a sprayer or dusted onto the plants. Remember to read the instructions carefully and use the recommended amount.

Handpick Hornworm Eggs

Hornworms lay their eggs on the bottom of leaves in groups of about 30. If you notice hornworm eggs on your tomato plants, remove them immediately. Use a soft-bristled brush to gently remove the eggs from the leaves, taking care not to damage the plant. Removing the eggs will prevent the caterpillars from hatching and causing damage.

Use Natural Repellents

Finally, there are several natural repellents that you can use to deter hornworms from your tomato plants. One popular option is to mix together garlic and water and spray it onto the plants. The strong odor of the garlic repels the hornworms. Another option is to sprinkle diatomaceous earth around your plants, which is a natural powder that damages the hornworms' exoskeletons when they crawl over it, eventually killing them.

In conclusion, hornworms can be a pesky nuisance when it comes to tomato plants, but thankfully, there are a variety of methods you can use to control them. From handpicking the caterpillars to introducing beneficial insects or applying natural repellents, there are solutions available for every gardener. By taking action and being vigilant, you can protect your tomato plants from hornworm damage and enjoy a bountiful harvest.