How to Help Plants Grow Under a Tree

Planting a garden under a tree can be challenging, especially if the tree is large and has a dense canopy. The lack of sunlight, the competition for nutrients and water, and the tree's roots can all hinder the growth of plants. However, with the proper approach and some gardening techniques, it is possible to have a thriving garden under a tree.

Choose Shade-Tolerant Plants

The first step in planting a garden under a tree is to choose plants that can thrive in the shade. Shade-tolerant plants are adapted to growing in low light conditions and can survive with as little as one to two hours of direct sunlight per day. Some examples of shade-tolerant plants include hostas, ferns, heucheras, and hellebores. These plants not only survive but also thrive in the low light conditions under a tree and add color and texture to the garden.

Prepare the Soil

The next step is to prepare the soil for planting. The soil under a tree can be compacted, dry, and poor in nutrients due to the competition for water and nutrients from the tree's roots. Tilling the soil is not recommended as it can damage the tree's roots. Instead, add organic matter such as compost, leaf mold, or aged manure to the soil surface and gently rake it in. This helps to improve the soil's texture, add nutrients, and retain moisture. Adding mulch is also beneficial as it helps to suppress weeds, retain moisture, and cool down the soil temperature.

Plant at the Right Depth

When planting under a tree, be mindful of the roots. The roots near the surface can be damaged by digging or planting too deep. To avoid this, make sure to plant at the right depth, which is typically the same depth as the plant's container. Gently lift the tree's roots aside, and plant the new plant in the prepared soil. Then, carefully cover the roots with soil, and firm it around the plant. Water the plant deeply.

Water Deeply and Regularly

Watering is crucial for plants to grow under a tree, especially during the hot summer months. The tree's roots will compete with the garden's plants for water, so it's important to water the garden deeply and regularly. Water the plants at the base, and avoid wetting the foliage, which can lead to fungal problems. Water early in the morning or late in the evening to avoid evaporation, and water deeply once or twice a week instead of shallowly every day.

Fertilize Regularly

Finally, it's vital to fertilize the plants regularly for them to thrive. The soil under a tree can be depleted of nutrients, and the tree's roots can extract nutrients from the soil faster than the garden's plants. Choose a slow-release, organic fertilizer, and apply it according to the package instructions. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to plant burn or excessive leaf growth. Fertilize in the spring and fall for best results.

Conclusion

Growing a garden under a tree requires some extra effort, but it's well worth it. With the right plants, soil preparation, planting techniques, watering, and fertilizing, it's possible to create a beautiful garden in the shade of a tree. A garden under a tree can also have several benefits, including reducing soil erosion, improving air quality, and attracting birds and wildlife. So, take the opportunity to create a green oasis under your favorite tree, and enjoy the beauty and serenity it brings to your surroundings.