How to Take Care of Tomato Plants

Tomato plants are a staple in many backyard gardens. They can produce an abundance of tasty fruit, but they require care and attention to thrive. Here are some tips for ensuring that your tomato plants grow healthy and strong.

Choosing the Right Location

Tomato plants need a location that receives ample sunlight – at least six hours per day. They also require well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Make sure you choose a site that is sheltered from high winds, as these can damage the plants or knock them over.

Planting Tomatoes

When planting tomato seedlings, wait until all danger of frost has passed. Dig a hole twice as wide as the plant's root ball and slightly deeper, then carefully remove the seedling from its container and place it in the hole. Fill in around the plant with soil, firming it gently to eliminate air pockets. Water the plant well.

Watering

Tomato plants need consistent watering. Soil should be kept consistently moist, but not waterlogged. Avoid overhead watering, as this can contribute to disease. Instead, water at the base of the plant, using a soaker hose, watering can, or drip irrigation system.

Fertilizing

Tomato plants require nutrients to grow strong and produce fruit. When planting, mix compost or well-rotted manure into the soil. Then, fertilize every two to three weeks throughout the growing season with a balanced fertilizer or one that is high in phosphorus (which supports fruit production).

Pruning and Training

To encourage healthy growth and adequate airflow, tomato plants benefit from pruning and training. Remove any "suckers" that grow in the crotches of the plants, as they can reduce fruit production and increase the risk of disease. Use stakes, cages, or trellises to support the plants and keep them upright.

Preventing Pests and Disease

Tomato plants can fall victim to several pests and diseases, including aphids, whiteflies, and various bacterial and fungal infections. To prevent issues, inspect your plants regularly and remove any dead or diseased leaves or fruit. Encourage beneficial insects, such as ladybugs and lacewings, to take up residency in your garden by planting flowering plants nearby. You can also use natural pesticides, such as neem oil or insecticidal soap, to deter pests.

Harvesting

The best way to harvest tomatoes is by gently twisting the fruit, which will release it from the stem. Tomatoes are ready to pick when they are fully colored, soft to the touch, and firm. Store them in a cool place, but not in the refrigerator, which can reduce their flavor and texture.

By following these tips and providing your tomato plants with the care they need, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of delicious, healthy tomatoes.