Introduction

Tomatoes are one of the most popular garden vegetables around the world. Not only are they delicious and versatile, but they are also relatively easy to grow. However, tomato plants are susceptible to a range of pests that can cause significant damage. In this article, we will explore the different types of pests that eat tomato plants and how to prevent them.

Common Pests that Eat Tomato Plants

Hornworms

The tomato hornworm (Manduca quinquemaculata) is a large, green caterpillar that can grow up to four inches in length. These pests are voracious eaters and can strip a tomato plant of its leaves and fruit within a matter of days. Hornworms are usually most active during the summer months and can be spotted by their distinctive markings and large size.

Aphids

Aphids are tiny, pear-shaped insects that feed on the sap of tomato plants. They are usually found on the underside of leaves and can cause them to wilt and curl. Aphids can also transmit viruses from plant to plant, causing even more damage. Luckily, they are easy to detect and can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil.

Spider Mites

Spider mites are arachnids that are too small to be seen with the naked eye. They feed on the underside of leaves and cause them to turn yellow and eventually fall off. Spider mites can reproduce rapidly in hot, dry conditions, making them a common pest during the summer months. They can be controlled with insecticidal soap or a solution made of water and a few drops of neem oil.

Preventing Pest Damage to Tomato Plants

Cultural Controls

The best way to prevent pest damage to tomato plants is to implement cultural controls. This involves the use of plant spacing, crop rotation, and companion planting. Plant spacing is important because it allows for adequate air circulation and reduces the likelihood of pests taking hold. Crop rotation involves planting different crops in the same area each year, which reduces the build-up of pests and disease. Companion planting involves planting species that repel pests, such as marigolds or basil.

Physical Controls

Physical controls involve the use of barriers or traps to prevent pests from damaging tomato plants. This can include using row covers to keep insects out or placing sticky traps around the garden to catch flying pests. Handpicking and squishing pests, such as hornworms, can also be an effective control method.

Chemical Controls

Chemical controls, such as insecticides, should be used as a last resort because they can harm beneficial insects and pollinators. If you do choose to use pesticides, be sure to read the label carefully and use them according to instructions. Choose products that are targeted specifically towards the pest you are trying to control and avoid spraying during the hottest part of the day when pollinators are most active.

Conclusion

Tomato plants are a favorite among gardeners, but they are also a favorite target for a range of pests. By implementing preventative measures, such as cultural and physical controls, you can reduce the likelihood of pest damage. If all else fails, chemical controls can be used as a last resort. With a little bit of knowledge and planning, you can enjoy healthy and productive tomato plants all season long.