Will 45 Degrees Hurt Tomato Plants?

When temperatures start to rise, tomato plant growers wonder if their precious plants can handle the heat. A small increase in temperature may not have a significant impact on plant development, but the question is, will 45 degrees hurt tomato plants?

The Effects of High Temperatures on Tomatoes

Tomatoes thrive in warm and sunny climates, but excessive heat can cause negative effects on their growth and development. When temperatures reach 45 degrees, tomato plants can experience wilting, scorching, and reduced fruit yield. High heat can also cause blossom drop, where flowers fall off before they become fruit, as well as damage to the plant's roots, leading to stunted growth and even death.

How to Protect Tomato Plants

To prevent heat damage on tomato plants, it is essential to provide enough shade during the hottest hours of the day, usually from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. You can install a shade cloth or canopy over your plants, or use white plastic mulch to reflect sunlight instead of absorbing it. It is also crucial to keep the soil moist, but not waterlogged, to help regulate the plant's temperature and prevent it from drying out. Mulching can aid in retaining moisture in the soil while reducing weed growth.

Another effective technique is to mist the plants during the hottest hours. This provides instant relief to the plant's foliage, which can decrease the rate of transpiration or water loss from the leaves. Transpiration is a plant's natural way of cooling itself off, but misting can help it conserve water during high temperatures.

Varieties of Tomatoes Resistant to Heat

If you live in an area with high summer temperatures, it is a good idea to select tomato varieties that can tolerate or resist heat. Varieties such as Heatwave II, Flavorburst, Phoenix, and Sunmaster are known for their ability to produce quality fruit even in extreme heat. Consulting with local horticulturists for recommendations is also an excellent way to find suitable varieties for your region.

The Bottom Line

In conclusion, tomato plants are susceptible to heat damage when temperatures reach 45 degrees. The negative effects can range from wilted leaves to stunted growth and reduced fruit yield. However, with proper care, you can protect your plants from extreme heat and minimize damage. Provide enough shade, maintain soil moisture, mist the plants, and select heat-resistant varieties for best results. By following these measures, you can ensure a bountiful tomato harvest even in hot weather conditions.