When to Plant a Bare Root Apple Tree

Planting a bare root apple tree requires careful consideration of the timing. Bare root trees are sold without soil around their roots, making them easier to handle and transport, but also more vulnerable to damage and mortality. To give your bare root apple tree the best chance of establishing itself, here are some guidelines on when to plant it.

Timing

The ideal time to plant a bare root apple tree is in late winter or early spring, when the tree is still dormant. This usually falls between January and early April in most regions. Planting during this period allows the tree's roots to begin growing well before the onset of hot summer weather, giving it the best chance of survival.

Soil Temperature

Before planting your bare root apple tree, it's also important to ensure that the soil temperature is appropriate. The ideal soil temperature for planting is around 10°C (50°F). This can be measured using a soil thermometer, which can be purchased at most garden centers. Planting the tree when the soil is too cold can slow down root growth, leading to poor establishment and low survival rates.

Weather Conditions

Aside from soil temperature, weather conditions should also be taken into account when planting your bare root apple tree. Avoid planting during a particularly wet or frosty period, as these conditions can lead to waterlogging or frost damage, respectively. Instead, wait for a period of dry weather with relatively mild temperatures.

Preparing the Site

Before planting your bare root apple tree, the site itself should be prepared. This includes removing any weeds or debris from the planting area, digging a hole that's slightly larger than the root system, and preparing the soil by adding organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure. It's important that the hole is deep enough so that the graft union (where the rootstock and scion meet) will be at least two inches below the soil surface.

Planting the Tree

Once the site is prepared, it's time to plant the bare root apple tree. To do this, carefully place the roots into the hole, ensuring that they are spread out evenly. Backfill the hole with soil, gently pressing it down around the roots to remove any air pockets. Water the tree well, and add a layer of mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weed growth. Finally, stake the tree if necessary to prevent it from being rocked by the wind, but be sure not to tie it too tightly as this can restrict its growth and cause damage.

Caring for your Tree

After planting your bare root apple tree, it's important to provide it with adequate care to ensure its survival and growth. This includes regular watering, particularly during dry periods, and fertilizing with a balanced fertilizer in early spring. It's also important to prune the tree regularly to promote good shape and encourage fruit production. By following these guidelines, you can give your bare root apple tree the best chance of thriving in your garden.