What Temperature to Plant Tomatoes Outside

Tomatoes are one of the most popular crops to grow in a home garden. However, planting them outside too early can lead to stunted growth, poor fruit production, and even death. So, what temperature is the best for planting tomatoes outside?

Frost Dates

The first step to determining when to plant tomatoes outside is to determine the frost dates for your area. Planting too early can be disastrous, as it exposes your tomato plants to unexpected frosts, which can do significant damage. The frost date is the date when the last frost of the season is expected in your area.

The frost dates vary depending on the geographical region. Generally, the warmer regions have earlier last frost dates, while the colder regions have later last frost dates. Typically, the best time to plant tomatoes is after your last expected frost date.

Temperature Requirements

Tomatoes thrive in warm temperatures, and they can't tolerate freezing temperatures. According to the National Gardening Association, temperatures below 55°F (13°C) can stunt tomato growth and lead to poor fruit production. On the other hand, temperatures above 95°F (35°C) can cause flowers to fall from the plant, leading to less fruit production.

The ideal temperature range for planting tomatoes is between 60°F (15°C) and 85°F (29°C). These temperatures ensure that your plants grow healthily and produce ample fruit. However, keep in mind that the ideal temperature range varies depending on the tomato variety you're growing.

Soil Temperature

The soil temperature is critical when planting tomatoes outside. A soil temperature below 55°F (13°C) can cause the plant's roots to be stunted, leading to slow growth and reduced fruit production. On the other hand, a soil temperature above 95°F (35°C) can cause root damage and even death.

The ideal soil temperature for planting tomatoes is between 60°F (15°C) and 70°F (21°C). A soil thermometer can help you determine the soil's temperature, and you can always warm the soil by covering it with black plastic a few weeks before planting. However, it's crucial to make sure that the soil isn't too wet or dry before planting.

Conclusion

Tomatoes are a great crop to grow in a home garden, but planting them outside too early or in the wrong temperature can lead to poor fruit production, slow growth, and even death. Therefore, it's crucial to review your frost dates, ensure the soil temperature is correct, and plant tomatoes in the ideal temperature range, between 60°F (15°C) and 85°F (29°C). With the right temperature and care, your tomato plants will grow healthy, produce ample fruit, and add flavor to your meals.