What Temperature Harms Tomato Plants

Tomato plants are a treat for gardeners around the world. They are easy to grow and provide a delicious addition to any dish. However, extreme temperatures can harm tomato plants, leading to decreased growth and yield. In this article, we will explore what temperatures harm tomato plants and how best to protect them from extreme weather.

Optimal Temperature Range for Tomato Plants

The optimal temperature range for tomato plants is between 65°F and 85°F (18°C to 30°C). Temperatures below 55°F (12°C) and above 90°F (32°C) can cause significant harm to tomato plants. During the day, temperatures that rise above 90°F (32°C) can cause tomato plants to wilt and become stressed. During the night, temperatures that drop below 50°F (10°C) can cause the leaves to turn yellow and inhibit flower and fruit development.

Effects of High Temperature on Tomato Plants

High temperatures can cause significant damage to tomato plants. During extreme heat, the plants go into survival mode, and the flowers on the plant may not set fruit. When temperatures remain above 85°F (30°C), pollinators such as bees may not be active, inhibiting pollination, and fruit production. The fruit may also become sunburned, causing the skin to crack and develop dry patches that can lead to food spoilage. High temperature can also cause the leaves to dry out, turn yellow, and die, reducing the plant's ability to produce food through photosynthesis.

Effects of Low Temperature on Tomato Plants

Low temperatures can also cause significant harm to tomato plants. When the temperatures drop below 55°F (12°C), the plant may not produce fruit, and the flowers may drop prematurely. If the temperature drops further, below 40°F (4°C), the plant may suffer frost damage, leading to stunted growth and eventual death. Frost damage can also cause the fruit to become soft and inedible, reducing the plant's yield.

How to Protect Tomato Plants from Extreme Temperatures

There are several ways to protect tomato plants from extreme temperatures. One way is to plant the tomato plants near a building or structure that provides shade during the hottest part of the day. Another way is to apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the plant to help retain moisture and maintain a consistent soil temperature. Providing adequate water to the plant during hot weather is also essential. If necessary, consider using a shade cloth to provide temporary protection from intense sun rays. Finally, you can consider using a hoop house or greenhouse to protect the plants from both low and high-temperature extremes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, extreme temperature can have a significant impact on the growth and yield of tomato plants. The optimal temperature range for tomato plants is between 65°F and 85°F (18°C to 30°C). High and low temperatures can cause significant harm to the plants, leading to decreased growth and yield. Protecting tomato plants from extreme temperatures involves planting them in the right location, providing adequate water, and using shade cloths or hoop houses if necessary. By paying attention to the temperature and taking appropriate action, you can ensure a bountiful harvest of delicious, healthy tomatoes.