What Happens When Plant Cells Are Placed in Distilled Water

Plants are complex organisms with specialized structures that allow them to absorb nutrients and water from their environment. The cells that make up plants are also unique in that they have a rigid cell wall that provides support and protection. When plant cells are placed in distilled water, several interesting things happen.

Water Potential Equilibration

Distilled water has a high concentration of water molecules compared to the inside of plant cells. When plant cells are placed in distilled water, water molecules move across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration (the distilled water) to an area of low concentration (inside the cell). This movement of water molecules continues until the concentration of water is equal on both sides of the membrane. This process is known as water potential equilibration.

Turgor Pressure Increase

As water molecules enter plant cells, they begin to exert pressure on the cell walls. This pressure is known as turgor pressure and is an important factor in maintaining the shape and structure of plant cells. When plant cells are placed in distilled water, turgor pressure increases as water continues to enter the cells. This increase in pressure can cause plants to appear more rigid and upright.

Plasmolysis

If distilled water is left in contact with plant cells for an extended period, it can cause a process known as plasmolysis. Plasmolysis occurs when water molecules continue to enter plant cells, causing the cells to expand and push against the cell wall. Eventually, the cell wall cannot withstand the pressure and begins to shrink away from the cell membrane. This process can cause the plant cells to die if left untreated.

Increase in Photosynthesis Rate

When plant cells are placed in distilled water, they have access to an abundant supply of water molecules, allowing them to carry out photosynthesis more efficiently. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy, and it requires water to take place. When plant cells have access to a large amount of water, they can produce more energy, allowing them to grow and thrive.

Conclusion

Plant cells have a complex relationship with water molecules, and when they are placed in distilled water, several interesting things happen. Water potential equilibration occurs as water molecules move across the cell membrane to reach an equilibrium, causing an increase in turgor pressure. If left untreated, prolonged contact with distilled water can cause plasmolysis, leading to cellular death. Finally, an increase in photosynthesis rate can occur when plant cells have access to abundant water, allowing them to produce more energy and thrive in their environment.