What Are the Greenworms on Tomato Plants?

Tomatoes are a beloved summer crop that can be found in gardens across the country. However, tomato plants are not immune to pest problems. One of the most common pests that tomato growers face is the greenworm. These small green caterpillars can wreak havoc on tomato plants if left unchecked. So, what exactly are greenworms and how can you get rid of them?

What Are Greenworms?

Greenworms, also known as tomato hornworms, are the larval stage of a moth commonly known as the tomato hornworm moth. These caterpillars can grow up to four inches long and have a distinctive bright green body with white stripes on their sides. They have a single horn-like protrusion on their rear end, which is how they got their name.

The adults, also called sphinx moths, are often mistaken for hummingbirds due to their size and ability to hover in mid-air. They are typically active in the evenings and nights and feed on nectar from flowers.

Why Are Greenworms a Problem for Tomato Plants?

Greenworms can cause significant damage to tomato plants by feeding on the foliage, stems, and fruits. The caterpillars have strong jaws and can quickly strip a plant of its leaves, which can hinder its ability to photosynthesize and produce fruit. They also feed on the fruit itself, leaving behind unsightly holes and causing it to ripen prematurely.

If left unchecked, a severe infestation of greenworms can cause significant damage to tomato plants, and it could even lead to death. Therefore, it's crucial to act quickly at the first sign of an infestation.

How to Identify Greenworms' Presence on Tomatoes

If you suspect that greenworms are causing damage to your tomato plants, there are a few ways to identify their presence:

Look for chewed leaves or missing foliage on the tomato plant

Check the fruit for signs of damage, such as holes or bite marks

Look for the greenworm itself, which is typically found on the underside of leaves or hiding in the foliage

Identifying the presence of greenworms early on can help you prevent significant damage to your tomato plants.

How to Control Greenworm Infestations

Thankfully, there are several effective methods for controlling greenworm infestations:

Handpicking: Inspect your tomato plants regularly and remove any greenworms that you find by hand. Drop them into a bucket of soapy water to kill them.

Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis): Bt is a natural bacteria that infects and kills caterpillars, including greenworms. Apply it directly to the tomato plant leaves, following the manufacturer's recommended rate.

Natural predators: Encourage natural predators in your garden that can help control greenworm populations. Ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps all feed on caterpillars and can help reduce the number of greenworms in your garden.

Preventing greenworm infestations in the first place is crucial to preserving the health of your tomato plants. Make sure to keep your garden clean and free of debris, which can harbor insect eggs and larvae. Consider planting companion plants that can deter pests, such as marigolds, chives, and garlic. And always inspect new plants carefully before introducing them into your garden.

Conclusion

Greenworms can cause significant damage to tomato plants, but they can be controlled with the right methods. Be vigilant, inspect your plants regularly, and take action as soon as you spot an infestation. With a little bit of effort, you can protect your tomato crop and enjoy a bountiful harvest.