How to Take Care of a Dragon Tree Plant

If you're looking for an indoor plant that's both attractive and low-maintenance, the dragon tree plant may be the perfect choice for you. Also known as Dracaena marginata, this tropical shrub has long, thin leaves that are green with red markings. It can tolerate a variety of lighting conditions, and is fairly easy to care for. Here are some tips on how to help your dragon tree thrive.

Lighting and Placement

Dragon tree plants can tolerate a range of lighting conditions, but they prefer bright, indirect sunlight. Too much direct sun can scorch their leaves, while too little light can cause them to wilt or drop. If you're placing your dragon tree near a window, make sure it's not in direct sunlight for more than a few hours a day. If your home doesn't get much natural light, a fluorescent grow light can help your plant thrive.

As far as placement goes, dragon trees are versatile and can fit in with many decorating schemes. A relatively tall plant, they're good for adding height to a room. Keep them away from cold drafts or hot radiators, and don't place them too close to other plants, as they don't like to be crowded.

Watering and Moisture

One of the biggest mistakes people make with dragon tree plants is overwatering. These plants are drought-tolerant, and they actually prefer to be a little on the dry side. Water your dragon tree only when the top inch of soil is dry to the touch. When you do water, thoroughly saturate the soil, but don't let the plant sit in standing water. Too much moisture can lead to root rot, which can eventually kill the plant.

Because they're adapted to tropical areas with high humidity, dragon trees appreciate a little extra moisture in the air. Mist the leaves every few days with a spray bottle or set the pot on a tray filled with pebbles and water. Just be careful not to let the plant's roots sit in the water.

Fertilizing and Pruning

Dragon trees don't need a lot of fertilizer, but a little boost can help them grow fuller and more vibrant. Feed your plant with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). During the winter, cut back to once a month. Be sure to follow the instructions on the fertilizer package, as too much can damage the plant.

Pruning dragon tree plants isn't strictly necessary, but it can help keep them looking neat and healthy. If you notice any dead or damaged leaves, trim them off with sharp, clean scissors. You can also cut back the top of the plant to encourage branching, or remove any leaves that are growing too tall or too wide. The best time to prune is in the spring or early summer, when the plant is actively growing.

Pests and Diseases

Dragon trees are fairly resistant to pests and diseases, but they're not immune. Mealybugs and spider mites can sometimes attack the leaves, causing yellow spots or webbing. If you notice any signs of infestation, treat the plant with a gentle insecticidal soap or neem oil spray. Avoid using harsh chemical pesticides, which can harm the plant and potentially harm pets or children.

In terms of diseases, root rot is the most common problem for dragon trees. This is usually caused by overwatering or poor drainage. If you notice that the plant is wilting or the leaves are turning brown or mushy, check the roots for signs of rot. If the roots are brown and mushy, you may be able to save the plant by trimming off the damaged roots and repotting it in fresh soil.

With a little bit of attention and care, your dragon tree plant can bring a touch of the tropics to your home or office for years to come.