How Water Plant Works

Water plants treat and purify wastewater to a level that is safe to release back into the environment. This process involves several steps that remove pollutants and contaminants from the wastewater. With increasing water scarcity and pollution, water treatment is becoming an integral part of our daily lives. Here is an overview of how water plants work.

Primary Treatment

In the primary treatment stage, wastewater passes through a screen that removes large objects such as sticks and rags. Next, the water enters a sedimentation tank, where heavy solids settle to the bottom and are removed. The primary treatment also involves the removal of oils and grease from the wastewater, which are skimmed off the surface of the water. After the primary treatment, the wastewater is still heavily polluted and requires further treatment.

Secondary Treatment

In the secondary treatment stage, microorganisms (such as bacteria) are added to the wastewater. These organisms consume the organic matter and pollutants present in the water, transforming them into harmless substances. The water then passes through a clarification tank, where any remaining solids settle to the bottom and are removed. After the secondary treatment, the water is cleaner but still contains some impurities that need to be eliminated.

Tertiary Treatment

The tertiary treatment stage involves the removal of dissolved solids, bacteria, and other contaminants from the water. Various techniques are used in this stage, including chemical treatment, filtration, and disinfection. A popular method of disinfection is the use of chlorine, which kills any remaining bacteria and viruses in the water. Other methods include the use of ultraviolet light or ozone. After the tertiary treatment, the water is considered clean and safe to return to the environment.

Final Discharge

After the treatment process, the purified water is disposed of in several ways depending on the specific plant’s methodology. In some cases, the treated water is released back into the environment. In other cases, the treated water is further processed for specific applications like irrigation or industrial uses. There is also the possibility of the treated wastewater being used to replenish underground aquifers through the soil.

Conclusion

Water treatment plants are an essential part of our water management infrastructure. This process ensures that wastewater is treated and purified to a level that is safe for human health and the natural environment. The process of water treatment consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary stages where pollutants are removed through a combination of mechanical and biological treatment techniques. The final discharge location and method depend on the specifics of each plant. Access to purified water is vital to sustain a healthy and thriving world, and water treatment plants play a crucial role in achieving this goal.