When to Plant Potatoes in Maine

Potatoes are a staple crop in Maine, with a growing season that typically runs from May to October. Knowing when to plant potatoes in Maine is essential to maximizing your yields and ensuring the health of your plants. In this article, we will explore the best time to plant potatoes in Maine and some tips for getting the most out of your potato harvest.

Soil Temperature and Ideal Planting Dates

The ideal soil temperature for planting potatoes is between 45 and 55 degrees Fahrenheit, which typically occurs around mid to late April in Maine. However, this is just a general guideline, as soil temperatures can vary greatly depending on your location within the state.

Most growers in Maine start planting potatoes in late April or early May when the ground has had a chance to warm up. You can check your soil temperature using a soil thermometer, which can be purchased at most garden supply stores.

Choosing the Right Variety

Different potato varieties have different planting and harvesting times. For early planting, consider varieties like Norland, Caribe, and Yukon Gold. Late-season varieties like Russet Burbank and Kennebec are best planted in late May or early June.

When choosing a potato variety, consider your planting date, desired harvest time, and your local climate. It's best to select a variety that is well-suited to your particular growing conditions to ensure optimal yields.

Preparing Your Soil

Before planting your potatoes, prepare your soil by adding organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure. Potatoes grow best in soil with a pH between 5.0 and 6.0, so adjust your soil pH if necessary.

It's also important to till your soil to a depth of at least 8 inches, as potatoes grow best in loose, well-draining soil. Be sure to remove any rocks, roots, or other debris from your planting area to prevent damage to your potatoes.

Planting Your Potatoes

To plant your potatoes, dig a trench about 6 inches deep and space your seed potatoes about 12 inches apart. Cover your potatoes with about 4 inches of soil, leaving a small mound over each seed potato.

As your potatoes grow, continue to hill the soil up around the base of the plants to prevent sunlight from reaching the tubers. This will prevent them from turning green, which can make them toxic and bitter.

Harvesting Your Potatoes

Most potato varieties take between 90 and 120 days to reach maturity. When your potato plants begin to flower, it's a good sign that your potatoes are ready to harvest.

To harvest your potatoes, carefully dig them up with a garden fork or shovel. Be sure to handle them gently to avoid damaging the tubers. Once harvested, allow your potatoes to dry in a cool, dark place for a week or two before storing them in a cool, dry location.

Conclusion

Knowing when to plant potatoes in Maine is key to a successful potato harvest. By following these tips and guidelines, you can ensure optimal yields and healthy, hearty potatoes. Remember to choose the right variety, prepare your soil properly, and keep your plants well-maintained throughout the growing season. Happy planting!