What Type of Plant Do Cranberries Grow On?

The Cranberry Plant

Cranberries are not grown on trees like many types of fruit. Instead, they are grown on a low-lying shrub that is called the cranberry plant. The cranberry plant is an evergreen shrub that reaches a height from 5 to 20 centimeters (2 to 8 inches). It is very rich in leaves and branches, and it is covered with small pink flowers in early summer. In terms of texture, the cranberry plant bears a remarkable resemblance to other common shrubs.

The Bog Habitat

Cranberries grow in bogs, which are basically wetlands found in the northern hemisphere. Bogs are unique ecosystems that are characterized by their wet and acidic soils, little water movement, and abundant plant material. The cranberry plant loves growing in these conditions because it can grow its roots deep into the peaty soil and access the needed nutrients and water.

Cranberry Harvesting Methods

There are two primary ways in which cranberries are harvested from the plant: wet harvesting and dry harvesting. Wet harvesting is the most common harvesting method, accounting for about 95% of all cranberries harvested. This method involves flooding the bog with water, loosening the cranberries from the plant and making them float to the surface. The cranberries are then collected and processed further.

Dry harvesting, on the other hand, involves using machines to comb the cranberries off the plant. This method is used primarily for fresh cranberries and accounts for about 5% of all cranberries harvested. With dry harvesting, the cranberries retain their natural bloom and are less prone to spoilage.

The Significance of Cranberries

Cranberries have significant economic and cultural value across the United States, particularly in regions such as Massachusetts, Wisconsin, and Michigan. In addition to being a food source, cranberries are also used in various health and beauty products such as shampoos, body lotions, and toothpaste. Lastly, cranberries have a long-standing history with Native American tribes, who used the fruit for its medicinal properties and in traditional ceremonies.

The Bottom Line

The cranberry plant is a low-lying shrub that grows in bogs, and has pink flowers in early summer. Cranberries are harvested through wet and dry methods, and have both economic and cultural significance in the United States.