What Do Plant Cells Have That Animals Don't

Plant cells and animal cells are two primary kinds of cells that exist on earth. Though they have a lot of similarities, there are some significant differences that set them apart. In this article, we will discuss what plant cells have that animals don't.

Cell Wall

One of the most notable differences between plant cells and animal cells is the cell wall. Plant cells have a cell wall, and animal cells don't. The cell wall is a rigid layer outside the cell membrane that provides structural support and protection to the plant cells. It helps the cells maintain their shape and prevents them from bursting when they absorb a lot of water.

The cell wall is made up of different materials, including cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, and lignin. These materials make the cell wall strong and durable, which allows the plant cells to withstand harsh environmental conditions.

Chloroplasts

Another significant difference between plant cells and animal cells is the presence of chloroplasts in plant cells. Chloroplasts are specialized organelles that are responsible for photosynthesis. They capture the energy from the sun and convert it into sugar, which the plant uses as food.

Chloroplasts are green in color because of the presence of chlorophyll, a pigment that absorbs light energy. This pigment is what gives plants their green color. Animal cells don't have chloroplasts, which means they cannot undergo photosynthesis. Instead, they get their energy from the food they consume.

Vacuoles

Vacuoles are another feature that sets plant cells apart from animal cells. Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles that are responsible for storing water, nutrients, and waste products. They serve as a storage space for the plant cell and help maintain the proper osmotic pressure within the cell.

Plant cells have one large central vacuole, while animal cells have several smaller vacuoles. The central vacuole in plant cells takes up most of the cell's volume, which helps the plant cell maintain its shape and size. In contrast, the smaller vacuoles in animal cells serve various functions, including storing and transporting materials within the cell.

Conclusion

In conclusion, plant cells and animal cells have several differences that set them apart. Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole, while animal cells don't. Understanding these differences can help us appreciate the complexity and diversity of life on earth.