What Do Animal Cells Have That Plant Cells Don't?

Animal and plant cells share a lot in common in terms of their basic structure and function. However, there are some key differences between animal and plant cells that set them apart from each other. In this article, we will explore what animal cells have that plant cells don't.

1. Centrioles

One of the most notable differences between animal and plant cells is the presence of centrioles. Centrioles are structures that aid in cell division and are only found in animal cells. Plant cells lack these structures and instead rely on microtubules to form the spindle fibers necessary for cell division.

Centrioles are cylindrical structures made up of microtubules and are located in the centrosome of animal cells. During cell division, the centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell and form spindle fibers that attach to the chromosomes and pull them apart.

2. Lysosomes

Another significant difference between animal and plant cells is the presence of lysosomes, which are unique to animal cells. Lysosomes are membrane-bound sacs filled with digestive enzymes that break down various biological molecules.

Lysosomes function as the cell's recycling center, breaking down old or damaged organelles, proteins, and other cellular debris. This process helps keep the cell clean and efficient.

While plant cells also have a system for breaking down waste and recycling cellular materials, they do not contain lysosomes. Instead, they rely on the vacuole and other organelles to perform these functions.

3. Flagella

The third major difference between animal and plant cells is the presence of flagella. Flagella are whip-like structures that aid in cell movement and are only found in certain types of animal cells, such as sperm cells.

Flagella are made up of microtubules and are anchored in the cell membrane. They use a twisting motion to move the cell through its environment, allowing cells like sperm to swim toward their target.

Plant cells do not contain flagella, as they do not need to move through their environment. Instead, the rigid cell wall and cytoskeleton provide support and structure to the cell.

In conclusion, while animal and plant cells share many similarities, there are some important differences between the two. Animal cells have centrioles, lysosomes, and flagella, while plant cells do not. Understanding these differences can help us better understand how cells work and how they are different from each other.