Is Cytoskeleton Present in Plant and Animal Cells?

Cytoskeleton is an intricate network of protein fibers present in almost all types of cells. It provides cellular structure, intracellular trafficking, and facilitates cell division. It is made up of three types of filaments i.e. microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. The question that frequently arises is whether cytoskeleton is present in both plant and animal cells? In this article, we will explore whether cytoskeleton is present in both plant and animal cells.

Cytoskeleton in Animal Cells

The cytoskeleton in animal cells is a complex network of filaments that give structural support to the cell. The cytoskeleton in animal cells is made up of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Microfilaments are thin and made up of actin protein. They play a significant role in cell motility and division. Intermediate filaments are thicker than microfilaments and provide mechanical strength to the cell. They are present in cells that undergo constant mechanical stress. Microtubules are responsible for cell division and intracellular transport.

Cytoskeleton in Plant Cells

Plant cells have a cytoskeleton similar to animal cells but with some differences. Plant cells also have microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules, but they have an additional form of cell wall that provides rigidity and support to the cell. The cytoskeleton in plant cells is mainly responsible for maintaining cell shape, growth and development, and cell division. Plant cells also have specialized structures such as plasmodesmata, which are channels that connect adjacent plant cells and allow for the transport of nutrients and other molecules.

The Differences between Cytoskeleton in Plant and Animal Cells

The primary difference between cytoskeleton in plant and animal cells is the presence of an additional structure called the cell wall in plant cells. The cell wall provides additional rigidity and support to the cell. It is made up of cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. Additionally, plant cells have specialized structures such as plasmodesmata, which are absent in animal cells. Plasmodesmata are channels that connect adjacent plant cells and facilitate intercellular transport.

Conclusion

In conclusion, cytoskeleton is present in both plant and animal cells with some differences. Both types of cells have microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules that provide structure, intracellular trafficking, and facilitate cell division. However, plant cells also have an additional cell wall that provides additional support and rigidity to the cell. In contrast, animal cells lack a cell wall but have specialized structures such as microvilli and cilia that facilitate movement and signaling. Understanding these differences can provide insight into the functional diversity of these two types of cells.