How Low of Temperatures Can Tomato Plants Tolerate?

Tomatoes are one of the most popular vegetables (fruit, technically) to grow in home gardens. They are used in countless recipes and provide a great source of vitamins and minerals. However, they are also susceptible to certain growing conditions, including low temperatures.

The Ideal Temperature Range for Tomato Plants

Tomato plants thrive in warm temperatures, ideally ranging from 70-80°F (21-27°C) during the day and 60-70°F (16-21°C) at night. When temperatures drop below these levels, tomato plants may suffer from stress that can negatively impact their growth and yield.

Tomato Plants' Tolerance to Low Temperatures

While tomato plants prefer warm temperatures, some varieties are more tolerant of cold weather than others. For example, some heirloom varieties, such as Black Krim and Cherokee Purple, have been bred to withstand cooler temperatures.

In general, most tomato plants can survive brief dips in temperature down to the 50°F (10°C) range. However, prolonged exposure to temperatures in this range may cause problems such as stunted growth, reduced yield, and susceptibility to disease.

Temperatures below 50°F (10°C) are especially harmful to tomato plants, and exposure to low temperatures can cause a range of problems, including:

Chilling injury

Blossom drop

Stunted growth

Reduced yield

Frost damage

Protecting Tomato Plants from Low Temperatures

Fortunately, there are several ways to protect tomato plants from low temperatures. One option is to cover the plants with frost blankets, which can provide an extra layer of insulation and help retain heat.

You can also use devices such as cloches or inverted buckets to protect your tomato plants from frost. These coverings can trap heat around the plant and keep temperatures from dropping too low.

Another option is to plant your tomato seedlings later in the season when the risk of frost is lower. You can also choose tomato varieties that are more tolerant of cooler temperatures.

Conclusion

Tomato plants prefer warm temperatures, but some varieties can tolerate cooler temperatures better than others. While they can survive brief dips in temperature down to around 50°F (10°C), prolonged exposure to low temperatures can cause stunted growth, reduced yield, and other problems. Protecting your tomato plants from low temperatures with special coverings or by planting them later in the season can help ensure a healthy and robust harvest.