How is Water Cleaned at a Water Treatment Plant?

Water is an essential resource and the primary element of human life. Thus, it is vital to ensure its safety and cleanliness. Water treatment plants are established to provide safe and clean water to residents. Water treatment plants are responsible for removing contaminants and other impurities from the water supply. In this article, we will discuss how water is cleaned at a water treatment plant.

1. Coagulation and Flocculation

Coagulation and flocculation are the first steps in water treatment. These steps aim at removing the suspended particles responsible for the water's turbidity. During coagulation, a coagulant like aluminum sulfate or ferric chloride is added to the water. The coagulant neutralizes the charge on particles and allows them to clump together, forming larger particles known as flocs.

In flocculation, the water is gently stirred, allowing the flocs to collide with each other to form larger particles. The larger particles are then easier to filter out of the water.

2. Sedimentation

After coagulation and flocculation, the water undergoes sedimentation. In sedimentation, the water is allowed to sit undisturbed in a tank, and the heavier flocs settle to the bottom. The settled flocs are known as sludge, which is removed in the next step. The clear water on top of the tank is then drawn off for further treatment.

3. Filtration

The next step in water treatment is filtration. During filtration, the water is passed through a series of filters composed of sand, gravel, and anthracite. The filters remove remaining particles, parasites, and bacteria that may have escaped earlier stages of treatment. The water that comes out of the filters is thoroughly clean and safe for consumption.

4. Disinfection

Disinfection is the final step in water treatment. During disinfection, the water is treated with chlorine or chloramine to eliminate any remaining bacteria or viruses. The treated water is then stored in a reservoir before it is distributed to homes, businesses, and other institutions.

Conclusion

Water treatment plants play a vital role in providing clean and safe drinking water. The process of water treatment involves various steps such as coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Each step is essential in removing impurities and ensuring that the water is suitable for consumption. By providing clean and safe water, water treatment plants help protect public health and ensure a better quality of life.