How to Plant Apple Trees in Hedges

Planting an apple tree in your hedge can combine the beauty of a decorative hedge with the efficient use of garden space, resulting in a fruitful harvest of delicious apples. This guide will take you through the steps of planting apple trees in hedges, from the planning stage to caring for your mature tree.

Planning and Preparation

Choose a variety of apple tree that is suitable for your climate and soil. Check with your local nursery or extension office for advice, or research varieties online. It's also important to choose a rootstock that will be compatible with your hedge, as some rootstocks require more vigorous pruning than others. You'll need to consider the amount of light your hedge receives as well, as most apple trees require at least six hours of sunlight per day.

Once you have chosen a suitable variety, select the location within the hedge where you would like to plant the tree. Make sure there is enough space for the tree to grow to its full height and width, and that it won't interfere with other established plants. It's also a good idea to test your soil before planting, to check for pH levels and nutrient deficiencies. Amend the soil as needed with compost or other organic matter, and work it into the planting hole.

Planting the Tree

Plant the tree in fall or early spring, when the soil is not too wet or too dry. Dig a hole as deep as the root ball and two to three times as wide. Mix some bone meal or other slow-release fertilizer into the bottom of the hole. Place the tree in the hole so that the graft union is above ground level, then backfill the hole with the amended soil. After planting, water the tree thoroughly and mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

It's important to stake the tree to prevent it from being uprooted by wind or other disturbances. You can use a wooden stake or a metal T-post, and attach the tree to the stake with a soft, flexible tie. Leave enough slack so that the tree can sway slightly in the wind, which will help it develop a strong trunk.

Caring for the Tree

Prune the tree regularly to maintain its shape and promote good air circulation. Remove any dead, diseased, or crossing branches, and thin out any excess growth. Late winter or early spring is the best time to prune, as the tree is still dormant.

Fertilize the tree annually with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer, and water regularly during dry periods. Check the soil moisture level by sticking your finger into the soil, and water deeply if it feels dry to the touch.

Protect the tree from pests and diseases by applying dormant oil in late winter or early spring. This will smother any overwintering insects and their eggs. You can also use organic insecticides and fungicides as needed.

Harvesting the Fruit

Your apple tree will begin to produce fruit in two to five years, depending on the variety and growing conditions. Harvest the fruit when it is fully colored and slightly soft to the touch. Twist the apple gently to detach it from the tree, or use pruning shears to clip the stem. Store the fruit in a cool, dry place or use it immediately.

Planting an apple tree in your hedge can be a rewarding and delicious addition to your garden. Follow these steps to ensure your tree grows strong and healthy, and enjoy the fruits of your labor for years to come.