How to Plant a Dwarf Tree in a Container

Planting a dwarf tree in a container is a fantastic way to enjoy fresh fruit, beautiful foliage, and fragrant flowers in a small space or on a patio or balcony. Container gardening also offers the added benefit of portability, allowing you to move the tree to the optimal location for sunlight and protection from weather extremes. Follow these steps to properly plant a dwarf tree in a container.

Choose the Right Container

Choose a container that is large enough to accommodate the root system of your tree while providing ample drainage. Dwarf fruit trees will require a container with a depth of at least 18 inches and a diameter of 16 inches. Avoid containers made of metal, which can conduct heat and scorch roots, or materials that do not allow for drainage, such as ceramic or glazed terra cotta.

Select the Right Soil

Select a lightweight, well-draining potting mix with a pH level between 5.5 and 7, depending on the type of tree you are planting. A soil mix that is too heavy or too dense, such as garden soil or topsoil, can smother roots and cause poor drainage.

Prepare the Container

Before planting your tree, cover the drainage holes in the bottom of the container with a layer of fine mesh or landscape fabric to prevent soil from washing out. Then, add a layer of coarse gravel or perlite to the bottom of the container to further aid drainage. Fill the container halfway with soil, and water the soil thoroughly to settle it.

Plant the Tree

Gently remove the tree from its nursery pot, being careful not to damage the root system. Loosen any tangled roots and trim any broken or damaged roots with clean, sharp scissors. Center the tree in the container and fill in the soil around it, tamping it down lightly as you go. Leave about an inch of space at the top of the container. Water the plant deeply, and add more soil if necessary to fill in any settling.

Care for Your Dwarf Tree

Place your container tree in a sunny space that receives at least six hours of sunlight each day. Water the soil deeply and regularly, keeping it moist but not waterlogged. Dwarf trees require less fertilizer than full-sized trees, but you can supplement with a slow-release fertilizer once or twice a year according to the package instructions. Prune the tree annually to encourage healthy growth and fruit production.

Growing a dwarf tree in a container can be a fun and rewarding experience for gardeners of all levels. With a little care and attention, your container tree can provide years of beauty, flavor, and fragrance.