How to Plant Olive Trees

Planting olive trees can be a rewarding experience. Not only do they add beauty and shade to your landscape, but they also produce delicious and healthy olives. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to plant olive trees:

Step 1: Choose a Suitable Location

Olive trees prefer a warm, sunny climate with well-drained soil. They also need ample space to grow, so choose a location that is at least 15 feet away from any buildings or other trees. Consider the soil type as well; olive trees thrive in soil that is slightly alkaline with a pH level between 7.0 and 8.5.

Step 2: Prepare the Soil

Before planting, prepare the soil by removing any weeds or unwanted grass, and loosen the soil using a hoe or garden fork. Mix in some compost or aged manure to improve soil drainage and fertility. If the soil is too acidic, add some lime to bring up the pH level.

Step 3: Choose the Right Olive Tree Variety

There are many different varieties of olive trees available, each with their unique characteristics and growth habits. Choose a variety that fits your specific needs, whether it be for ornamental purposes, oil production, or table olives. Some popular varieties include Arbequina, Frantoio, and Koroneiki.

Step 4: Plant the Olive Tree

Plant the olive tree in a hole that is twice as wide and deep as the root ball. Backfill the hole with soil and water well. Build a small mound of soil around the base of the tree to help retain moisture. Mulch the area with a layer of organic material, such as straw or shredded leaves, to help conserve moisture and suppress weed growth.

Step 5: Water and Fertilize

Water the olive tree regularly, especially during the first few years of growth. Olive trees require about 1 inch of water per week, either from rainfall or irrigation. Fertilize the tree with a balanced fertilizer in early spring, following the manufacturer's instructions. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can result in excessive vegetative growth at the expense of fruit production.

Step 6: Prune the Olive Tree

Prune the olive tree in late winter or early spring to remove any dead or diseased branches, and to promote healthy growth. Also, thin out any crowded branches to allow for better air circulation and sunlight penetration. Do not prune more than one-third of the tree's canopy in a single year.

Step 7: Harvest the Olives

Harvest the olives when they reach the desired ripeness, which varies depending on the variety and intended use. For table olives, harvest them when they are green or slightly ripened. For oil production, harvest them when they are fully ripened and black. Use a handheld rake or a mechanical harvester to shake the olives off the tree.

By following these steps, you can successfully plant and grow your own olive trees. With a little care and patience, you can enjoy the fruits of your labor for years to come.