How to Plant Grafted Apple Trees

Growing an apple tree from a seed may take years before it bears fruit. This is where grafted apple trees come in. They are made by joining the top of a mature apple tree, called the scion, with the rootstock of a younger tree. Grafting allows the tree to bear fruit in a shorter time, usually two to three years after planting. If you want to plant a grafted apple tree, here are the steps to follow:

Step 1: Choose the Right Rootstock

Before buying a grafted apple tree, consider the type of rootstock it has. Rootstocks vary in size and vigor, affecting the size and production of the tree. It is important to choose a rootstock that is appropriate for your garden or orchard. Dwarf rootstocks are ideal for small spaces while semi-dwarf rootstocks are suitable for medium-sized orchards. Standard rootstocks are best for large-scale production.

Step 2: Prepare the Soil

Grafted apple trees thrive in well-draining soils with a pH level of 6.0 to 7.0. Prepare the soil by removing weeds and rocks, and loosening it with a shovel or rototiller. Adding organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure can also improve soil quality.

Step 3: Dig the Planting Hole

The planting hole should be twice as wide as the rootball and deep enough to accommodate the roots. Place the tree in the hole and make sure that the graft union is above the soil level. Backfill the hole with soil and water the tree thoroughly.

Step 4: Provide Support

Grafted apple trees need to be staked to provide support until the roots are established. Use a sturdy stake and tie the tree to it with a soft material like twine or gardening tape. Make sure that the tie is loose enough to allow for growth but tight enough to prevent it from rubbing against the tree trunk.

Step 5: Mulch the Tree

Applying mulch around the tree helps retain moisture and suppress weeds. Use organic materials like wood chips, straw, or leaves, and spread them around the base of the tree. Avoid piling the mulch against the trunk as it may cause rotting.

Step 6: Water and Fertilize

Grafted apple trees need to be watered regularly, especially during the first year after planting. Water deeply and slowly to encourage the roots to grow deeply. Fertilize the tree with a balanced fertilizer during the growing season, following the manufacturer's instructions.

With proper care, your grafted apple tree will bear fruit in no time. Enjoy the fruits of your labor and savor the taste of homegrown apples.