Introduction
It is very rewarding to maintain a garden with fruit trees growing in it. Espalier fruit trees are a great option for those who want to maximize space and yield. In this article, we will discuss how to plant and care for espalier fruit trees.
Choosing the Right Variety
The first step in planting espalier fruit trees is to choose the right variety. Some popular fruit trees suitable for espalier include apple, pear, peach, and nectarine. It's important to choose a tree that is healthy, disease-resistant, and suitable for the climate in your area. Dwarf trees work well for espalier, as they are easier to train into the desired shape.
Planting Process
The ideal time to plant your espalier fruit tree is in the fall or early spring. Choose a location that has good drainage, is exposed to sunlight for at least six hours a day, and is sheltered from strong winds. Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball of the tree and loosen the soil at the bottom. Place the tree in the hole and fill it with soil. Water the tree well and mulch around its base to conserve moisture.
Training the Tree
Training an espalier fruit tree requires patience and attention. The first step is to install support wire or trellis. Attach the wires to posts, trees or walls in the desired pattern. Begin training the fruit tree by pruning away branches that are not needed. Train the remaining branches along the support wires in the desired shape - this could be a fan, cordon, or espalier shape. Remove shoots that grow from the main branches as this can make the structure look untidy. In case there are branches crossing each other, remove the weaker one.
Pruning and Maintenance
Pruning is crucial for espalier fruit trees as it helps to shape the tree, remove damaged or diseased wood, and promote fruiting. Prune your espalier fruit tree in late winter or early spring while it is still dormant. During the growing season, water the tree regularly and fertilize if needed. When fruit begins to appear, thin it out to ensure the remaining fruits grow to a good size.
Conclusion
Planting and growing espalier fruit trees can be a rewarding and enjoyable experience for both novice and experienced gardeners. With a little effort and regular care, your espalier fruit tree can provide you with delicious fruits year after year.