How to Plant Cashew Tree

Cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) is a tropical fruit tree that is native to Brazil. It can grow up to a height of 14 meters and reach a canopy span of about 14 meters as well. The tree produces cashew nuts, which are a popular delicacy worldwide. Here is a guide on how to plant cashew trees.

Site Selection and Soil Preparation

The first step in planting cashew tree is selecting the right site for the tree. Cashew tree grow well in a tropical climate with average temperatures of between 25°C and 30°C. Select an area with loose, well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. Also, consider the slope of the site to prevent waterlogging. To prepare the soil, remove weeds and other vegetation. Then, dig a hole that is twice the size of the root ball of the cashew seedling.

Seedling Selection and Planting

Once the site and soil are ready, select a healthy cashew seedling from a reputable nursery. Look for a seedling that has a well-formed and intact root system. Ideally, the seedling should be about 30cm tall. Before planting the seedling, soak it in water for several hours to hydrate the roots. Then, plant the seedling in the hole and backfill with soil, ensuring that the seedling is upright and the soil has no air pockets.

Watering and Fertilizing

After planting, water the cashew tree profusely to help it establish a strong root system. However, be careful not to overwater as it may lead to waterlogging, which can cause root rot. To ensure optimal growth, fertilize the cashew tree regularly using a slow-release fertilizer that is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Apply the fertilizer during the rainy season to maximize nutrient uptake.

Pruning and Maintenance

Prune the cashew tree regularly to remove dead, weak, or diseased branches. Also, prune the tree to maintain its shape and size. Pruning promotes healthy growth and prevents the spread of diseases. Additionally, regularly inspect the tree for pests and diseases, such as cashew stem borer, rust, and powdery mildew. If infested, apply insecticides or fungicides to control the problem.

Harvesting Cashew Nuts

Cashew nuts are ready for harvest between 2-3 months after flowering. Harvest the nuts by picking them off the tree when they turn yellow-reddish in color. Be careful when handling the nuts since they have a poisonous resin that can cause skin irritation. To remove the resin, roast the nuts or soak them in water overnight.

In conclusion, planting cashew trees is a rewarding venture that requires adequate planning, preparation, and maintenance. Follow the above steps to ensure that your cashew tree grows healthily and produces high-quality nuts.