Introduction

Tomatoes are popular plants that are grown in many households around the world. However, they are often susceptible to a variety of diseases and pests that can kill them. One of the most concerning issues for tomato growers is what kills tomato plants under the ground. In this article, we will explore some of the common diseases and pests that can cause underground tomato plant demise and how to prevent them.

Pythium Root Rot

Pythium root rot is one of the most common diseases that can kill tomato plants under the ground. This disease is caused by the fungus Pythium, which thrives in warm, wet soil conditions. The fungus attacks the plant’s roots, causing them to rot and ultimately leading to plant collapse. Symptoms of pythium root rot include yellow leaves, stunted growth, and a foul odor.

To prevent pythium root rot, use well-draining soil, avoid overwatering, and practice crop rotation. Additionally, using fungicides can help to eradicate the fungus.

Southern Blight

Southern blight, also known as white mold, is caused by the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii. It thrives in warm, moist soil conditions and attacks the base of the tomato plant, causing it to rot. Signs of southern blight include a white, cotton-like substance at the base of the plant, wilting, and yellowing leaves.

To prevent southern blight, practice crop rotation, cultivate the soil regularly to prevent fungal growth, and apply fungicides. Additionally, avoid planting tomato plants too close together to reduce the spread of the fungus.

Nematodes

Nematodes are tiny, worm-like creatures that live in the soil and parasitize the roots of tomato plants. They feed on the plant’s nutrients, causing significant damage to the roots, which can ultimately kill the plant. Signs of nematode damage include stunted growth, yellow leaves, and roots with bumps or knots.

To prevent nematode damage, practice crop rotation, use nematode-resistant tomato varieties, and keep the soil healthy by adding compost and organic matter. Additionally, avoid over-fertilizing, as this can attract nematodes.

Wireworms

Wireworms are the larvae of click beetles and are common pests that can kill tomato plants under the ground. They feed on the roots of the plant, causing significant damage and often killing the plant. Signs of wireworm infestation include stunted growth, yellowing leaves, and wilting.

To prevent wireworm damage, use well-draining soil and avoid overwatering. Additionally, use insecticides or bait traps to eradicate the pests. Crop rotation can also help to prevent an infestation.

Fusarium Wilt

Fusarium wilt is caused by the fungus Fusarium, which attacks the plant’s vascular system, causing it to wilt and die. This disease is most common in warm, dry soil conditions. Signs of fusarium wilt include yellowing and wilting leaves, as well as brown discoloration in the vascular system.

To prevent fusarium wilt, use well-draining soil, avoid over-fertilizing, and practice crop rotation. Additionally, use fungicides to eradicate the fungus.

Conclusion

Tomato plants can be susceptible to a variety of diseases and pests that can kill them under the ground. However, there are several steps you can take to prevent these issues from occurring. By using well-draining soil, practicing crop rotation, and applying pesticides and fungicides as needed, you can help to protect your tomato plants and enjoy a healthy harvest.