Does Salt Kill Plants and Trees?

Salt is a common and cheap way to de-ice sidewalks and driveways during winter. However, many people are concerned about using salt because they believe it can harm plants and trees. So, the question is: Does salt kill plants and trees? The answer is not straightforward.

The Effects of Salt on Plants and Trees

When large amounts of salt are applied to the soil, it can negatively affect the growth and survival of plants and trees. Salt can dehydrate plants by reducing the amount of water they can absorb, which leads to wilting, yellowing of leaves, and eventually death. Trees might experience stunted growth or even fall ill from salt exposure.

Types of Salt

Not all salts are equal, and some types of salt are more harmful than others. Sodium chloride (rock salt) is the most common de-icing salt, which can make the soil uninhabitable for plants and trees. Calcium chloride is also used, but it is less harmful to vegetation than rock salt. Potassium chloride is another option, but it is not very effective at low temperatures.

The Risks of Using Salt

Using too much salt for de-icing can have severe consequences on the environment. Salt can seep into the groundwater, increasing the concentration of salt in lakes and rivers, and affecting the balance of aquatic ecosystems. Salt can also damage concrete, metal, and cars.

Alternatives to Salt

There are several eco-friendlier alternatives to traditional salt. For example, calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) is a de-icing agent made from organic acids that can safely melt snow and ice without causing harm to vegetation. Sand is another option that adds traction to the surface without harming plants and trees. However, sand does not melt ice and snow as salt does.

Conclusion

Does salt kill plants and trees? Yes, it can. However, the degree and extent of damage depend on the amount of salt applied, the type of salt used, and the species of plants and trees. In light of the potential risks of using salt, it is advisable to use eco-friendlier de-icing alternatives whenever possible.